How to Determine Suitable Pipe Sizes for Water Supply in Building?
Important Point
There are various points and factors which are responsible for determining the sizes for water supply. Pipes are generally available for different sizes, so the process of determining the suitable pipe is-
- The pipes have opted for water supply in the building according to the purpose of the building.
- The total cost of the building is also very important to point for choosing the pipe for water supply in the building.
- According to water pressure, the pipes are selected for a different building.
- According to the amount of water is also undertaken in selecting the pipes for water supply in the building.
Also, read: Methods of Design | Difference Between Working Stress Method and Limit State Method
Plumbing Pipe Dimensions
Plumbing pipes are generally made of PVC and steel. There are various sixes are available in the market, those are-
1. PVC Pipe Sizes
Here, the PVC pipe sizes details like outer diameter of the pipe, inside pipe dia., and wall thickness are as follows.
NPS | Outside diameter of pipe (inch) | Inside diameter (inch) |
Wall Thickness (inch) |
1/8” | 0.405” | 0.269” | 0.068” |
1/4” | 0.540” | 0.364” | 0.088” |
3/8” | 0.675” | 0.493” | 0.091” |
1/2” | 0.840” | 0.622” | 0.109” |
3/4” | 1.050” | 0.824” | 0.113” |
1” | 1.315” | 1.049” | 0.133” |
1-1/4” | 1.660” | 1.380” | 0.140” |
1-1/2” | 1.900” | 1.610” | 0.145” |
2” | 2.375” | 2.067” | 0.154” |
2-1/2” | 2.875” | 2.469” | 0.203” |
3” | 3.500” | 3.068” | 0.216” |
4” | 4.500” | 4.026” | 0.237” |
5” | 5.563” | 5.047” | 0.258” |
6” | 6.625” | 6.065” | 0.280” |
8” | 8.625” | 7.981” | 0.322” |
10” | 10.750” | 10.020” | 0.365” |
12” | 12.750” | 11.938” | 0.406” |
14” | 14.000” | 13.126” | 0.437” |
16” | 16.000” | 15.000” | 0.500” |
18” | 18.000” | 16.876” | 0.562” |
20” | 20.000” | 18.814” | 0.593” |
24” | 24.000” | 22.626” | 0.687” |
2. Steel Pipe Sizes
Here, the steel pipe sizes details like outer diameter of the pipe, inside pipe dia., and wall thickness are as follows.
NPS | Outside diameter (inch) |
Inside diameter (inch) | Wall thickness (inch) |
1/8 | .0405” | 0.215” | 0.095” |
1/4 | 0.540” | 0.302” | .0119” |
3/8 | 0.675” | 0.423” | 0.126” |
1/2 | 0.840” | 0.546” | 0.147” |
3/4 | 1.050” | 0.742” | 0.154” |
1 | 1.315” | 0.957” | 0.179” |
1-1/4 | 1.660” | 1.278” | 0.191” |
1-1/2 | 1.900” | 1.500” | 0.200” |
2 | 2.375” | 1.939” | 0.218” |
2-1/2 | 2.875” | 2.323” | 0.276” |
3 | 3.500” | 2.900” | 0.300” |
3-1/2 | 4.000” | 3.364” | 0.318” |
4 | 4.500” | 3.826” | 0.337” |
5 | 5.563”a | 4.813” | 0.375” |
6 | 6.625” | 5.761” | 0.432” |
8 | 8.625” | 7.625” | 0.500” |
10 | 10.750” | 9.562” | 0.594” |
12 | 12.75” | 11.374” | 0.688” |
14 | 14.000” | 12.500” | 0.750” |
16 | 16.000” | 14.312” | 0.844” |
18 | 18.000” | 16.124” | 0.938” |
20 | 20.000” | 17.938” | 1.031” |
24 | 24.000” | 21.562” | 1.219” |
Also, read: What Is Guniting, Set Guniting Systems , Advantage, Disadvantage
Water Supply Line Size for Residential Building
Water supply is one of the most important plumbing operations in any residential building. The size of pipes which are opted for residential buildings are
Individual Fixtures | Minimum Pipe Size (inch) | Private Home |
Bar sink | ½” | 1.5 |
Bathtub or shower | ½” | 4.0 |
Cloth washer | ½” | 1.0 |
Dishwasher | ½” | 1.5 |
Hose bib | ½” | 2.5 |
Hose bib additional | ½” | 1.0 |
Kitchen sink | ½” | 1.5 |
Laundry link | ½” | 2.0 |
Bathroom sink | ½” | 1.0 |
Shower | ½” | 2.0 |
Toilet Gravity tank 1.6 | ½” | 2.5 |
Toilet gravity tank 3.5> | ½” | 3.0 |
Whirlpool bath | ½” | 4.0 |
Standard Plumbing Pipe Size
In a residential building, the standard dimension of pipe is 100 mm to 600 mm which have a thickness of 12 mm to 43 mm.
Factors Influencing Selection of Water Distribution Pipe Size in Building
There are many factors which are affecting the pipe size of the water distribution, those are.
- The main factor which are responsible for water distribution is the cost of the project.
- Water pressure is another criterion of the pie size selection.
- We need to keep in our mind that each property has different water pressure.
- Due to internal friction in the pipe, there are a loss of pressure happens. To overcome the loss of pressure we need to keep it into our mind.
- To avoid noise and pipe erosion we need to restrict the flow of water.
- Economical consideration is the another govern selection process for pipe selection. But many times we use most economical pipes.
Also, read: What Is Cover in Concrete | Clear Cover in Beams, Slab, Column, Footing
Procedure of Determination of Pipe Sizes for Water Distribution in Buildings
Here, the procedure of determination of pipe size for water distribution in building are as follows.
- At first, we draw all the horizontal main lines, branch lines, and risers
- Then we calculate weight from table 1 and table 2
- Then we specify water demand in gallons per millimeter.
- After that, we estimate the equivalent length of pipe and this is starting from the main street line.
- Next, we determine the average minimum pressure in the main street line.
- Then we calculate the pressure loss in the pipes by using an equivalent length of pipe.
- After that, we finally choose the size of the pipe.
Fixture Units, Traps, and Connection Sizes for Plumbing Fixture for Dometic Waters
Table 2: Domestic Water Fixture and Size of Pipe Requirement
Types of Water |
Domestic Water | |||
Fixture-Unit Value as Load Factors |
Minimum Size of Connections, mm |
|||
Private | Public | Hot Water |
Cold Water |
|
Bathtub (with or without overhead shower) | 2 | 4 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Bidet | ||||
Combination sink and tray | 3 | – | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Combination unit and tray with food disposal unit | 4 | |||
Dental unit | 1 | 9.525 | ||
Dental lavatory | 1 | 2 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Dish water, domestic | 2 | |||
Drinking fountain | 1 | 2 | 9.525 | |
Floor drains | 1 | |||
Kitchen sink | 2 | 4 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Kitchen sink domestic with food waste grinder | 3 | |||
Lavatory | 1 | 19.05 | 9.525 | |
Lavatory | 2 | 12.7 | 12.7 | |
Lavatory, beauty parlour, barber | 2 | |||
Lavatory, surgeon’s | 2 | |||
Laundry tray | 2 | 4 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Shower | 2 | 4 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Surgeon sink | 3 | 12.7 | 12.7 | |
Sink (trap standard) | 3 | 12.7 | 12.7 | |
Sink (P trap) | 2 | 4 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Urinal, pedestal, siphon jet | 10 | 12.7 | ||
Urinal, wall lip | 5 | 12.7 | ||
Urinal with flush tank | 3 | |||
Wash sink | 2 | 12.7 | 12.7 | |
Tank operated Water closet | 3 | 5 | 19.05 | |
Valve operated water closet | 6 | 10 | 25.4 |
Table 2: Drainage Water Fixture and Size of Pipe Requirement
Types of Fixture |
Drainage | |
Fixture-Unit Value as Load Factors |
Minimum Size of Trap, mm |
|
Bathtub | 2 | 38.1 |
Bidet | ||
Combination sink and tray | 2 | |
Combination tray with food disposal unit | 3 | |
Dental unit | 1 | 31.75 |
Dental lavatory | 2 | |
Dish water | 2 | 38.1 |
Drinking fountain | 1 | 31.75 |
Floor drains | 2 | 50.8 |
Kitchen sink | 2 or 3 | 38.1 |
Kitchen sink with waster grinder | 2 | |
Lavatory | 1 | 31.75 |
Lavatory | 2 | 38.1 |
Beauty parlour, barber | 2 | |
Surgeon lavatory | 2 | |
Laundry tray | 2 | |
Shower | 2 | 50.8 |
Sink flushing with valve | 6 | 76.2 |
Sink (trap standard) | 3 | |
Sink (P trap) | 3 | 50.8 |
Sink pot | 3 | 38.1 |
Urinal, pedestal | 6 | 76.2 |
Wall urinal | 2 | 38.1 |
Urinal stall | 2 | 50.8 |
Urinal with flush tank | 2 | 38.1 |
Wash sink | 3 | |
Water closet with tank | 4 | 76.2 |
Valve operated water closet | 6 |
Also, read: Difference Between Short Column and Long Column | What Is Column | Types of Column
Plumbing Pipe Sizing Chart
Here, the water pipe sizing chart are as follows.
NPS | Outside diameter of pipe (inch) |
1/8” | 0.405” |
1/4” | 0.540” |
3/8” | 0.675” |
1/2” | 0.840” |
3/4” | 1.050” |
1” | 1.315” |
1-1/4” | 1.660” |
1-1/2” | 1.900” |
2” | 2.375” |
2-1/2” | 2.875” |
3” | 3.500” |
4” | 4.500” |
5” | 5.563” |
6” | 6.625” |
8” | 8.625” |
10” | 10.750” |
12” | 12.750” |
Kitchen Sink Drain Pipe Size
The most common size for modern sink drain pipes is 1 1/2 inches in diameter. However, there are also 2-inch and 3-inch pipes available. Some older sinks may have even smaller pipes like 1 1/4-inch in diameter.
The size of the drain pipe depends on the type of sink:
- Kitchen sink: 3 1/2 inches
- Bathroom sink: 1 1/4 inches
- Bar sink: 2 inches
- Toilets: 3 inches
- Washing machines and laundry sinks: 2 inches
- Showers and bathtubs: 1.5 inches
How to Find Standard Sewage Pipe Sizes?
Here, find standard sewage pipes size as per chart and calculation are as follows.
The diagrams below can be used for the design of sewage and wastewater gravity conveying systems.
Sewage Pipe Capacity – Imperial units – gpm
Sewer Pipe Sizing Chart
Credit: engineeringtoolbox.com
Note – the charts are based on clean plastic pipes – calculated with the Manning formula, roughness coefficient 0.015 and fill 50%.
Piping Sizing Calculation – Capacity of a Sewer Pipe
The capacity of an 8-inch sewer pipe with a decline of 0.5% is approx. 25 gpm (1.6 liter/s).
Decline and Slope
Calculate between decline and slope units
d = 8.33 s(in/ft)
d = 100 s(ft/ft)
d = 100 s(m/m)
d = s(ft/100ft)
where
d = decline (%)
s = slope
Example – % Decline
1/8 in/ft slope can be transformed to % decline as
d = 8.33 (1/8 in/ft)
d = 2.08 %
Water Pipe Sizing Chart
Here, the different types of water pipe size charts are as follows.
Meter & Street Service (inches) | Building Supply & Branches (inches) | Maximum Allowable Length (feet) | ||||||||||||||
40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900 | 1000 | ||
Pressure Range – 30 to 45 psi (available static pressure after head loss) | ||||||||||||||||
3/4 | 1/2 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3/4 | 3/4 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
3/4 | 1 | 29 | 25 | 23 | 21 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
1 | 1 | 36 | 31 | 27 | 25 | 20 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
3/4 | 1-1/4 | 36 | 33 | 31 | 28 | 24 | 23 | 21 | 19 | 17 | 16 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
1 | 1-1/4 | 54 | 47 | 42 | 38 | 32 | 28 | 25 | 23 | 19 | 17 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
1-1/2 | 1-1/4 | 78 | 68 | 57 | 48 | 38 | 32 | 28 | 25 | 21 | 18 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
1 | 1-1/2 | 85 | 84 | 79 | 65 | 56 | 48 | 43 | 38 | 32 | 28 | 26 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 20 |
1-1/2 | 1-1/2 | 150 | 124 | 105 | 91 | 70 | 57 | 49 | 45 | 36 | 31 | 26 | 23 | 21 | 20 | 20 |
2 | 1-1/2 | 151 | 129 | 129 | 110 | 80 | 64 | 53 | 46 | 38 | 32 | 27 | 23 | 21 | 20 | 20 |
1 | 2 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 82 | 80 | 66 | 61 | 57 | 52 | 49 | 46 | 43 |
1-1/2 | 2 | 220 | 205 | 190 | 176 | 155 | 138 | 127 | 120 | 104 | 85 | 70 | 61 | 57 | 54 | 51 |
2 | 2 | 370 | 327 | 292 | 265 | 217 | 185 | 164 | 147 | 124 | 96 | 70 | 61 | 57 | 54 | 51 |
2 | 2-1/2 | 445 | 418 | 390 | 370 | 330 | 300 | 280 | 265 | 240 | 220 | 198 | 175 | 158 | 143 | 133 |
Pressure Range – 46 to 60 psi (available static pressure after head loss) | ||||||||||||||||
3/4 | 1/2 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3/4 | 3/4 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 17 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
3/4 | 1 | 39 | 39 | 36 | 33 | 28 | 23 | 21 | 19 | 17 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 8 |
1 | 1 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 36 | 30 | 25 | 23 | 20 | 18 | 15 | 12 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 8 |
3/4 | 1-1/4 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 34 | 32 | 27 | 25 | 22 | 19 | 19 | 17 | 16 |
1 | 1-1/4 | 78 | 78 | 76 | 67 | 52 | 44 | 39 | 36 | 30 | 27 | 24 | 20 | 19 | 17 | 16 |
1-1/2 | 1-1/4 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 66 | 52 | 44 | 39 | 33 | 29 | 24 | 20 | 19 | 17 | 16 |
1 | 1-1/2 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 80 | 67 | 55 | 49 | 41 | 37 | 34 | 32 | 30 |
1-1/2 | 1-1/2 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 128 | 105 | 90 | 78 | 62 | 52 | 42 | 38 | 35 | 32 | 30 |
2 | 1-1/2 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 150 | 117 | 98 | 84 | 67 | 55 | 42 | 38 | 35 | 32 | 30 |
1 | 2 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 83 | 80 |
1-1/2 | 2 | 370 | 370 | 340 | 318 | 272 | 240 | 220 | 198 | 170 | 150 | 135 | 123 | 110 | 102 | 94 |
2 | 2 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 368 | 318 | 280 | 250 | 205 | 165 | 142 | 123 | 110 | 102 | 94 |
2 | 2-1/2 | 654 | 640 | 610 | 580 | 535 | 500 | 470 | 440 | 400 | 365 | 335 | 315 | 285 | 267 | 250 |
Pressure Range – over 60 psi (available static pressure after head loss) | ||||||||||||||||
3/4 | 1/2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
3/4 | 3/4 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 17 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
3/4 | 1 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 35 | 30 | 27 | 24 | 21 | 17 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
1 | 1 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 32 | 29 | 26 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
3/4 | 1-1/4 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 34 | 28 | 26 | 25 | 23 | 22 | 21 |
1 | 1-1/4 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 74 | 62 | 53 | 47 | 39 | 31 | 26 | 25 | 23 | 22 | 21 |
1-1/2 | 1-1/4 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 74 | 65 | 54 | 43 | 34 | 26 | 25 | 23 | 22 | 21 |
1 | 1-1/2 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 81 | 64 | 51 | 48 | 46 | 43 | 40 |
1-1/2 | 1-1/2 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 130 | 113 | 88 | 73 | 51 | 51 | 46 | 43 | 40 |
2 | 1-1/2 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 151 | 142 | 122 | 98 | 82 | 64 | 51 | 46 | 43 | 40 |
1 | 2 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 |
1-1/2 | 2 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 360 | 335 | 305 | 282 | 244 | 212 | 187 | 172 | 153 | 141 | 129 |
2 | 2 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 | 340 | 288 | 245 | 204 | 172 | 153 | 141 | 129 |
2 | 2-1/2 | 654 | 654 | 654 | 654 | 654 | 650 | 610 | 570 | 510 | 460 | 430 | 404 | 380 | 356 | 329 |
Water Pipe Sizing Chart Fixture Units
Here, the water pipe sizing chart fixture units are as follows.
Sr.No. | Appliances, Appurtenances, or Fixtures | Minimum Fixture Branch Pipe Size (inches) | Private | Public |
1 | Bathtub or Combination Bath/Shower | 1/2 | 4 | 4 |
2 | 3/4″ Bathtub Fill Valve | 3/4 | 10 | 10 |
3 | Bidet | 1/2 | 1 | — |
4 | Clothes Washer | 1/2 | 4 | 4 |
5 | Dental Unit, Cuspidor | 1/2 | — | 1 |
6 | Dishwasher, Domestic | 1/2 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
7 | Drinking Fountain or Water Cooler | 1/2 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
8 | Hose Bibb | 1/2 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
9 | Hose Bibb, Each Additional | 1/2 | 1 | 1 |
10 | Lavatory | 1/2 | 1 | 1 |
11 | Lawn Sprinkler, Each Head | — | 1 | 1 |
12 | Mobile Home, Each (minimum) | — | 12 | — |
13 | Bar Sink | 1/2 | 1 | 2 |
14 | Clinic Faucet SInk | 1/2 | — | 3 |
15 | Clinic Flushometer Valve Sink (with or without faucet) | 1 | — | 8 |
16 | Kitchen Sink, Domestic (with or without dishwasher) | 1/2 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
17 | Laundry Sink | 1/2 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
18 | Service Sink or Mop Basin | 1/2 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
19 | Washup Sink (each set of faucets) | 1/2 | — | 2 |
20 | Shower, Per Head | 1/2 | 2 | 2 |
21 | Urinal, Flush Tank | 1/2 | 2 | 2 |
22 | Wash Fountain (circular spray) | 3/4 | — | 4 |
23 | Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Gravity Tank | 1/2 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
24 | Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Flushometer Tank | 1/2 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
25 | Water Closet, Greater Than 1.6 GPF Gravity Tank | 1/2 | 3 | 5.5 |
Water Pipe Sizing Chart PDF: Click Here
Plumbing Pipe Sizing
Here, the water supply pipe sizing as per useing water temp. are as follows.
Minimum Pipe Diamater | ||
Water Temp | Cold | Host |
Toilet | 3/8″ | – |
Bathtub | 1/2″ | 1/2″ |
Lavatory (sink) | 3/8″ | 3/8″ |
Shower | 1/2″ | 1/2″ |
Bar sink | 3/8″ | 3/8″ |
Kitchen sink | 1/2″ | 1/2″ |
Bar sink | 3/8″ | 3/8″ |
Dishwasher | – | 3/8″ to 1/2″ |
Washing machine | 1/2″ | 1/2″ |
Laundry sink | 1/2″ | 1/2″ |
Water heater | 3/4″ | – |
Hose bibb | 1/2″ to 3/4″ | – |
Domestic Water Pipe Sizing
Here, the water supply pipe sizing as per useing water temp. are as follows.
Fixture | Minimum Pipe Size (in.) | Flow Rate (GPM) | Pressure (psi) |
Drinking Fountain | 5/8″ | 4 | 8 |
Bathtub | 1/2″ | 2.75 | 8 |
Lavatory (sink) | 3/8″ | 0.75 | 8 |
Shower | 1/2″ | 5,15 | 8,15 |
Kitchen sink | 1/2″ | 2.5 | 8 |
Laundry | 1/2″ | 4 | 8 |
Hose bibb | 1/2″ Int, 3/4″ Ext | 2 | 8 |
Service Sink | 1/2″ | 3 | 8 |
Urinal Flush Valve | 3/4″ | 1.6 | 15 |
Water Closet Tank | 3/8″ | 1.6 | 15 |
Water Closet Valve | 1″ | 1.6 | 15 |
IPC Water Pipe Sizing
Here, the IPC water pipe sizing for fixtures are as follows.
Fixture (Source IPC) | Cold | Hot | Total |
Bidet, Private | 1.5 | 1.50 | 2.00 |
DishWash-Private | 0.00 | 1.40 | 1.40 |
Drinking Fountain | 0.25 | 0.00 | 0.25 |
Kitchen Sink, Public | 3.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 |
Kitchen Sink, Private | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.40 |
Laundry Tray, Private | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.40 |
Lav, Private | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.70 |
Lav, Public | 1.50 | 1.50 | 2.00 |
Service Sink | 2.25 | 2.25 | 3.00 |
Shower, Private | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.40 |
Shower, Public | 3.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 |
Urinal, Priv, Flush | 10.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 |
Urinal, 3/4” Priv, Flush | 5.00 | 0.00 | 5.00 |
Urinal, Public, Tank | 3.00 | 0.00 | 3.00 |
Wash Mach Lg, Pub | 3.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 |
Wash Mach Sm, Pub | 2.25 | 2.25 | 3.00 |
Wash Mach Sm, Pri | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.40 |
WC, Pri, Tank | 2.20 | 0.00 | 2.20 |
WC, Pri, Flush | 6.00 | 0.00 | 6.00 |
WC, Pub, Tank | 5.00 | 0.00 | 5.00 |
WC, Pub, Flush | 10.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 |
Bathroom group, private, flush tank | 2.70 | 1.50 | 3.60 |
Bathroom group, private, flush valve | 6.00 | 3.00 | 8.00 |
Bathtub, private, faucet | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.40 |
Bathtub, public, faucet | 3.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 |
Combination fixture, private, faucet | 2.25 | 2.25 | 3.00 |
Water Supply Line Size Calculation
There are three steps to calculating the proper size for a plumbing piping system: Add up the total number of water supply fixture units (wsfu) required in the facility. Estimate demand using the table from the IPC that correlates wsfu to expected demand. Size the pipe using demand vs friction loss curves found in the IPC chart.
Example: Domestic cold water for a public bathroom with four flush valve water closets and two lavatories. You can tell by using the ipc chart (see figure 1) that the wsfu values are 10 for the water closets and 1.5 each for the lavatories.
The total wsfu required is calculated like this:
- WCs: 4 X 10 wsfu = 40 wsfu
- 2 Lavs: 2 X 1.5 wsfu = 3 wsfu
- Total wsfu: 40 + 3 = 43
Demand =48−(48−46)∗(45−43)(45−40)
Demand =47.2 Gpm
Domestic Water Pipe Sizing Calculation
1 inch= 25.4mm, 1 ft. = 304.8mm, 1 gallon/m=3.785L/m. Water velocity should not be greater than 2.438m/s at valve seat to prevent noise and erosion. So, Pipe area should be at least equal to water flow rate divided by eight.
Storm Drain Pipe Sizing Calculation
Vertical and horizontal storm drain piping shall be sized based on the flow rate through the roof drain. The flow rate in storm drain piping shall not exceed that specified in Table 1106.2. For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m.
Irrigation Pipe Size Calculation
If you choose to use PVC pipe for your irrigation laterals, make sure to use pipe that is at least 3/4″ thick. 1/2″ inch laterals clog very easily. If you choose to use fittings, most common PVC fitting types work fine.
Hot Water Pipe Sizing Calculation
Pipe sizing is determined by the flow rate of each fixture in gallons per minute (gpm) and the maximum acceptable velocity (in feet per second) of the pipe used to serve it. Note that velocity increases as pipe diameter decreases.
Water Supply Line Size Calculation
There are three steps to calculating the proper size for a plumbing piping system: Add up the total number of water supply fixture units (wsfu) required in the facility. Estimate demand using the table from the IPC that correlates wsfu to expected demand. Size the pipe using demand vs.
Standard House Plumbing Pipe Size
In most cases, the main pipeline from the street to your home is either 3/4 or 1 inch in diameter, supply branches use 3/4-inch-diameter pipe, and pipes for individual components are 1/2 inch.
Standard Water Pipe Size House
In most cases, the main pipeline from the street to your home is either 3/4 or 1 inch in diameter, supply branches use 3/4-inch-diameter pipe, and pipes for individual components are 1/2 inch. Remember that water pressure decreases by a half-pound per square inch for every foot pipes extend above your water supply.
What Size Water Line from Meter to House?
You need to have lots of water capacity coming into your home, even if you don’t need it all the time. For most homes in most cities, a 3/4-inch line might be sufficient, but if you have the opportunity to specify the pipe size, put in a 1-inch line.
What Size Water Line for House?
In most cases, the main pipeline from the street to your home is either 3/4 or 1 inch in diameter, supply branches use 3/4-inch-diameter pipe, and pipes for individual components are 1/2 inch. Remember that water pressure decreases by a half-pound per square inch for every foot pipes extend above your water supply.
What Size Pipe for House Plumbing?
In general, the greater the distance from the manifold to the fixture, the wider the PEX tubing should be. A 3/8-inch line is sufficient for lengths up to 250 feet; 1/2-inch line will deliver adequate water pressure up to 350 feet; and 3/4-inch tubing is necessary to run a 500-foot line.
What Size Water Line from Well to House?
Be sure your well digger puts in a 1 and 1/4-inch plastic line from the well to the inside of your home. Usually, it’s a short distance and you’ll never regret the larger pipe. Remember, it’s easy to put in the right size pipe when the trench is open.
What Size Pex Pipe for House?
PEX tubes range in diameter from 3/8-inch to 1-inch for residential applications. For adequate water flow, it’s a good idea to install 1/2-inch or 3/4-inch PEX for your main lines. The standard when replacing old water supply lines with PEX is to use the same size.
What Size P Trap for Bathroom Sink?
Traps come in 1-1/4 inch (standard bathroom sink) or 1-1/2 inch (standard kitchen sink) inside diameter sizes. Be sure to check so you get the right size replacement at your local store. In this guide we’ll show you how to replace a P-trap in a few easy steps.
What Size Pipes for Bathroom Plumbing?
The standard size for a bathroom drain pipe is 1.25 inches in diameter. However, this is determined based on your state’s housing code, and you may find that they suggest 1.5 inches or 1.65 inches in diameter, and your home has been built with this plumbing standard.
What Size Is Bathroom Sink Drain Pipe?
The standard size for a bathroom sink drain pipe is 1.25 inches in diameter.
What Size P Trap for Bathtub?
The proper size for both a P trap for bathtub is 1 1/2 inches in diameter, regardless of the bathtub size. The type of trap used on a tub drain is a p-trap. Because they are the same size, the trap will glue directly onto the PVC drain pipe without the use of adaptors or fittings.
What Size Pex for Shower?
Sinks and showers are water guzzlers, and you can conserve by running 3/8-inch lines to them. Because the rate at which a commode tank refills is usually not important, it’s okay to run 3/8-inch line there as well.
How to Determine Water Pipe Size?
Divide the circumference by pi, or about 3.14159. For example, if the circumference is 12.57 inches (319 mm), you would divide by pi, and get an outside diameter of about 4 inches (100 mm).
How to Determine Size of Plumbing Pipe?
To find it, measure around the circumference of the pipe with flexible measuring tape. Divide the circumference by pi, or about 3.14159. For example, if the circumference is 12.57 inches (319 mm), you would divide by pi, and get an outside diameter of about 4 inches (100 mm).
How to Measure Water Pipe Size?
How to Measure Pipe Fittings?
How to Measure Copper Pipe?
Pipe goes by nominal sizes rather than actual measurements which can be confusing. Copper 3/4-inch pipe, for instance, doesn’t measure 3/4-inch. Its outside diameter (OD) is 0.875 inch and inner diameter (ID) is 0.811 inches for Type M pipe (a designation that relates to wall thickness).
Main Water Line Size for House
In most cases, the main pipeline from the street to your home is either 3/4 or 1 inch in diameter, supply branches use 3/4-inch-diameter pipe, and pipes for individual components are 1/2 inch. Remember that water pressure decreases by a half-pound per square inch for every foot pipes extend above your water supply.
Main Water Line Pipe Size
The most common pipe diameter for water mains is 6 to 16 inches, with 8, 10, and 12 inches also being used. Branch lines providing service to individual homes, offices, buildings, and businesses vary in size from as small as half an inch in diameter up to 6 inches.
Bathtub Supply Line Size
Nearly all tub and shower faucets require a one-half inch diameter water supply pipe on both the hot and cold supplies.
Standard Water Line Size
The two most common are 3/8- and 1/2-inch compression or male pipe thread. Faucets connectors aren’t completely standardized, but most have 1/2-inch male pipe thread connectors.
Bathroom Sink Supply Line Size
The standard size for a bathroom sink drain pipe is 1.25 inches in diameter. However, this is determined based on your state’s housing code, and you may find that they suggest 1.5 inches or 1.65 inches in diameter, and your home has been built with this plumbing standard.
Sink Supply Line Size
The main pipes, which come off the main water supply, typically measure 3/4 inches in diameter. The branch lines, which feed individual fixtures, typically measure 1/2 inch in diameter.
Toilet Supply Line Size
Typically they are 3/8” in diameter, but toilet supply line size can vary in length, usually anywhere from 9” to 20”. Measure for accuracy to ensure you are buying a part that will match your installation. A flexible line is ideal because its pliability allows you to bend the part as needed.
Standard Bathroom Faucet Supply Line Size
The two most common are 3/8- and 1/2-inch compression or male pipe thread. Faucets connectors aren’t completely standardized, but most have 1/2-inch male pipe thread connectors.
Toilet Connector Hose Sizes
Hoses will not kink or crease in tight spaces. Inlet types are. Inlet sizes are 3/8 and ½ inches. Outlet sizes are 1/2 and 7/8 inches.
Plumbing Supply Line Size
The main pipes, which are the ones that come off the main water supply and the water heater, are 3/4 inches in diameter. The branch lines, which are the ones that feed individual fixtures, are 1/2 inch in diameter.
Kitchen Sink Supply Line Size
The branch lines, which are the ones that feed individual fixtures, are 1/2 inch in diameter. The 1/2-inch supply pipes that come to the sink each terminate with a shutoff valve, and this valve is one of the two factors that determine the connector size on the faucet hose.
Kitchen Faucet Supply Line Size
The two most common are 3/8- and 1/2-inch compression or male pipe thread. Faucets connectors aren’t completely standardized, but most have 1/2-inch male pipe thread connectors.
Washing Machine Supply Line Size
A washing machine receives hot and cold water from ordinary branch water lines, typically ½” rigid copper pipes. In most homes these days, the supply pipes run into an open-front plastic box set into the wall, known as a washer box.
Dishwasher Water Supply Line Size
It is required to connect the water line to the dishwasher. The elbow is 1/2-inch NPT (National Pipe Thread Taper) on one end, and 3/8-inch compression fitting on the other end.
Bath Faucet Supply Line Size
The two most common are 3/8- and 1/2-inch compression or male pipe thread. Faucets connectors aren’t completely standardized, but most have 1/2-inch male pipe thread connectors.
Standard House Plumbing Pipe Size
In most cases, the main pipeline from the street to your home is either 3/4 or 1 inch in diameter, supply branches use 3/4-inch-diameter pipe, and pipes for individual components are 1/2 inch.
Standard Toilet Drain Pipe Size
The standard size of a toilet drain pipe is 3 inches in diameter, but the drain can be up to 4 inches in diameter. The drain pipe is usually connected to a 3-inch schedule 40 toilet drain pipe.
Standard Drain Pipe Size
There is a pipe size. Most modern drains have a 1 1/2 inch outlet, but older sinks may have drains that connect to a 1 1/2 inch tailpiece. All the pipes that connect to the tailpiece are either 1 1/2 or 1 1/2 inches in diameter.
Standard Shower Drain Pipe Size
Keep in mind that shower drain assemblies are generally made to fit a 2-inch drainpipe, not the 1 1/2-inch pipe usually found on tubs. A 2-inch pipe is the recommended size because showers have a low threshold for flooding, and a 2-inch pipe helps the water drain faster than does a 1 1/2-inch pipe.
Standard Sink Drain Pipe Size
Some older sinks may have drains that connect to a 1 1/4-inch tailpiece, but most modern drains have a 1 1/2-inch outlet. All the pipes that connect to the tailpiece, including the P-trap assembly and all the horizontal extensions, are either 1 1/4 or 1 1/2 inches in diameter.
Standard Bathroom Sink Drain Pipe Size
While a bathroom sink’s design and overall size may vary from one model to the next, the drain holes are fairly standard, 1.25 inches being a general standard, with widths of 1.5 inches and 1.625 inches also common. The size of the hole helps determine which size drain is needed for that particular sink.
Standard Plumbing Pipe Sizes
In most cases, the main pipeline from the street to your home is either 3/4 or 1 inch in diameter, supply branches use 3/4-inch-diameter pipe, and pipes for individual components are 1/2 inch.
Standard Sink Drain Size
While a bathroom sink’s design and overall size may vary from one model to the next, the drain holes are fairly standard, 1.25 inches being a general standard, with widths of 1.5 inches and 1.625 inches also common.
Standard P Trap Size
When replacing a pP-trap, you should use the same type of trap you remove. Traps are made from polypropylene (white or black), ABS (black), PVC (white) or brass (either chrome-plated or natural colored). Traps come in 1-1/4 inch (standard bathroom sink) or 1-1/2 inch (standard kitchen sink) inside diameter sizes.
Standard Water Line Size
The two most common are 3/8- and 1/2-inch compression or male pipe thread. Faucets connectors aren’t completely standardized, but most have 1/2-inch male pipe thread connectors.
Standard Toilet Water Line Size
Typically they are 3/8” in diameter, but toilet supply line size can vary in length, usually anywhere from 9” to 20.
Standard Water Heater Pipe Size
Standard these days is 3/4, standard used to be 1/2. Same goes for city water supply. There is no use having bigger pipe from the heater if the rest of the piping in the home is smaller.
Standard Sink Plumbing Size
Some older sinks may have drains that connect to a 1 1/4-inch tailpiece, but most modern drains have a 1 1/2-inch outlet. All the pipes that connect to the tailpiece, including the P-trap assembly and all the horizontal extensions, are either 1 1/4 or 1 1/2 inches in diameter.
Standard Water Pipe Sizes
The most common pipe diameter for water mains is 6 to 16 inches, with 8, 10, and 12 inches also being used. Branch lines providing service to individual homes, offices, buildings, and businesses vary in size from as small as half an inch in diameter up to 6 inches.
Standard Pipe Size for Toilet Drain
The standard size of a toilet drain pipe is 3 inches in diameter, but the drain can be up to 4 inches in diameter. The drain pipe is usually connected to a 3-inch schedule 40 toilet drain pipe.
Standard P Trap Size for Bathroom Sink
Traps come in 1-1/4 inch (standard bathroom sink) or 1-1/2 inch (standard kitchen sink) inside diameter size.
How to Determine Pvc Pipe Size?
If you purchased your PVC pipe from a hardware store, you can use the markings on the side of the pipe to tell you what size you have. It will normally indicate the size in decimal or fraction, close to where the manufacturer’s name is, such as ‘1.25’ (for 1-1/4″) or “3/4” (for 3/4″…obviously).
How to Determine Pipe Size?
The equation for pipe diameter is the square root of 4 times the flow rate divided by pi times velocity. For example, given a flow rate of 1,000 inches per second and a velocity of 40 cubic inches per second, the diameter would be the square root of 1000 times 4 divided by 3.14 times 40 or 5.64 inches.
How to Measure Pipe Thickness?
Having the inside dimensions (ID) and the outside dimensions (OD) will allow you to figure out the wall thickness on tubing. You would need to subtract the ID from the OD and then divide by two. This number is the wall thickness.
How to Measure PVC Pipe Size?
PVC Pipe is identified by the ID (Inside Diameter) and is referred to as a “nominal” size which means “in name only.” However this confuses people and most novices try to use the OD (Outer Diameter) to order parts.
How to Measure Pipe Thread?
When measuring a female pipe thread (FPT), measure the OD of the pipe itself and subtract ¼ inch to find the correct pipe thread size. Perhaps even easier than this is to purchase a measuring tool called a caliper that will measure OD and inside diameter (ID).
Plumbing Pipe
There are five main types of plumbing pipe materials that are still in use today: copper, galvanized steel, polyvinyl chloride (pvc), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (abs), and cross-linked polyethylene (pex).
Water Pipe Burst in House
The first thing you need to do when you find a burst pipe is shut off your water. This will relieve pressure in your pipe system and can help prevent additional Areas from freezing. Then, flush all the toilets in the house. Once water is no longer running from the taps, any leaks should stop.
Busted Pipe
The first thing you need to do when you find a burst pipe is shut off your water. Once the water has been shut off, you should open your faucets to drain the remaining cold water in your pipes. This will relieve pressure in your pipe system and can help prevent additional areas from freezing.
Water Pipe Broken
How much does it cost to fix a broken water pipe? A broken water pipe is no joke and can cost anywhere from $150 to $2,000. The national average cost for it is $500, with an average range of $200-$1,000.
Hydro Jetting Plumbing
On average, hydro jetting services can run anywhere from $300 to upwards of $500, depending on the severity of the blockage, the location of the clog in the drain or line, and even the area in which you live. In some more extreme cases, a complicated job could cost you as much as $1,000 at some plumbing services!
Collapsed Drain
A collapsed drain is when a pipe or drainage system has collapsed in on itself. This can be due to a variety of reasons, including: Building works – affecting pipes underground. Blockages to flooding and pressure on the drainage system.
Busted Water Pipe
The first thing you need to do when you find a burst pipe is shut off your water. Once the water has been shut off, you should open your faucets to drain the remaining cold water in your pipes. This will relieve pressure in your pipe system and can help prevent additional areas from freezing.
Trenchless Sewer Replacement
Cheaper. Lining sewer pipes save residential and commercial properties up to 75% in costs as compared to replacing the old pipe with a new one. The cost of labor goes down as fewer hours are needed to complete the trenchless operation. It’s simply the best value out of all the repair methods just about anywhere else.
Sewer Clean Out
What is a drain cleanout? A drain cleanout provides access to your main sewer line and is located outside of your home in the front or back yard. Cleanouts typically go unnoticed until there is a problem. They look like capped pipes sticking a few inches above the ground.
Sewer Line Cleaning
- Step 1: Loosen the Cap on the Drain Pipe. Loosen the Cap on the Drain Pipe.
- Step2: Feed the Auger Cable into the Drain Pipe.
- Step 3: Run the Auger Until the Clog Is Clear—and Beyond.
- Step 4: Hose Down the Pipe and Auger Cable.
- Step 5: Slowly Pull the Auger Back Out of the Pipe.
Bathroom Faucet Connection Size
The two most common are 3/8- and 1/2-inch compression or male pipe thread. Faucets connectors aren’t completely standardized, but most have 1/2-inch male pipe thread connectors
Delta Faucet Supply Line Size
Product Description. This is an Everflow Supplies flexible faucet supply line, for delta faucets, made of stainless steel braided hose. In particular, it is 12 inch long and has a 3/8 inch fip compression fitting and a 3/8 inch mip fitting, with chrome plated brass nuts.
What Size Is Standard House Water Pipe?
Generally speaking, the main pipeline from the street to your home is either ¾ or 1 inch in diameter. Supply pipes are ¾ inch in diameter and individual components are ½ inch in diameter.
Sewer Pipe Sizes
A 3-inch pipe is what’s used in homes to pipe toilets. The 4-inch pipe is used as the building drain under floors or in crawlspaces to transport all the wastewater from a home out to the septic tank or sewer. The 4-inch pipe may also be used in a home if it’s capturing two or more bathrooms.
Plumbing Thread Sizes
Commonly used sizes are 1⁄8, 1⁄4, 3⁄8, 1⁄2, 3⁄4, 1, 11⁄4, 11⁄2, 2, 21⁄2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 inch, as pipe and fittings by most US suppliers. Sizes smaller than 1⁄8 inch are occasionally used for compressed air, while sizes larger than 6 inches are often joined by other methods.
Plumbing Drain Pipe Size Chart
Here is a general plumbing drain pipe size chart that you can use as a reference:
- Kitchen Sink Drain Pipe: 1 1/2 inches
- Bathroom Sink Drain Pipe: 1 1/4 inches
- Shower Drain Pipe: 2 inches
- Toilet Drain Pipe: 3 inches
- Bathtub Drain Pipe: 1 1/2 or 2 inches
- Washing Machine Drain Pipe: 2 inches
- Dishwasher Drain Pipe: 1 1/2 inches
- Floor Drain Pipe: 2 inches or larger, depending on the expected flow rate
Drainage Pipe Sizes Chart
Here is a general drainage pipe sizes chart that you can use as a reference:
- Residential Drainage Pipe: 4 inches or 6 inches
- Commercial Drainage Pipe: 8 inches or larger, depending on the expected flow rate
- Stormwater Drainage Pipe: 6 inches or larger, depending on the expected flow rate and the surface area that needs to be drained
Water Supply Pipe Diameter in Mm
The most common standard diameters are as follow: 0.5 inch (15 mm), 0.75 inch (20 mm), 1 inch (25 mm), 1.5 inch (40 mm), 2 inch (50 mm), 3 inch (80 mm), 4 inch (100 mm), 6 inch (150 mm), 8 inch (200 mm), 10 inch (250 mm), 12 inch (300 mm), 14 inch (350 mm), 16 inch (400 mm), 18 inch (450 mm), 20 inch (500 mm), 22 inch
Water Supply Line Size Chart
Here is a general water supply line size chart that you can use as a reference:
- Residential Water Supply Line: 3/4 inch or 1 inch
- Commercial Water Supply Line: 1 inch or larger, depending on the expected flow rate and the number of fixtures that will be connected to the water supply system
- Industrial Water Supply Line: 2 inches or larger, depending on the expected flow rate and the type of industrial process that requires water
Water Pipe Diameter Chart
Here is a general water pipe diameter chart that you can use as a reference:
- 1/2 inch water pipe diameter: suitable for low water pressure and small flow rates, such as individual fixtures or appliances, such as faucets and washing machines.
- 3/4 inch water pipe diameter: suitable for most residential homes with moderate water flow demands.
- 1 inch water pipe diameter: suitable for larger homes with high water demand or commercial buildings with moderate water demand.
- 1 1/4 inch water pipe diameter: suitable for commercial buildings with high water demand, such as large apartment complexes or hotels.
- 1 1/2 inch or larger water pipe diameter: suitable for industrial applications, such as factories or water treatment plants.
Toilet Waste Pipe Size
The standard toilet waste pipe size is 3 inches in diameter. However, some older homes or buildings may have 4-inch waste pipes. It’s important to note that the waste pipe should be sized appropriately to handle the expected flow rate and waste volume. Local building codes may also dictate specific requirements for toilet waste pipe sizes. Always consult with a licensed plumber or building inspector for specific recommendations for your toilet waste pipe size.
Plumbing Pipe Types and Sizes
There are many types of plumbing pipes available, each with their own characteristics and uses. Here are some common plumbing pipe types and their sizes:
- Copper Pipes: Copper pipes come in various sizes ranging from 1/4 inch to 8 inches in diameter. They are commonly used for water supply lines and can withstand high pressures.
- PVC Pipes: PVC pipes come in various sizes ranging from 1/2 inch to 24 inches in diameter. They are commonly used for drainage, waste and vent (DWV) systems.
- PEX Pipes: PEX pipes come in various sizes ranging from 3/8 inch to 1 inch in diameter. They are commonly used for water supply lines and are flexible, making them easy to install.
- Galvanized Steel Pipes: Galvanized steel pipes come in various sizes ranging from 1/2 inch to 6 inches in diameter. They are commonly used for water supply lines, but are prone to corrosion over time.
Toilet Pipe Size
Waste drain pipes for toilets in modern plumbing systems are either 3 inches or 4 inches in diameter. The wider the pipe, the more waste it can move and the less likely it will be to clog. A 4-inch pipe can carry about twice the waste of a 3-inch pipe.
Size of Water Piping Shall Be Based on the Total
Size of water piping shall be based on the total anticipated demand flow rate and pressure, as well as the length of the piping system and the type of fixtures and appliances that will be connected to it. The flow rate is usually measured in gallons per minute (GPM) or liters per minute (LPM), and the pressure is usually measured in pounds per square inch (PSI) or bars.
Plumbing Size Chart
Water supply lines:
- 1/2 inch diameter: Suitable for low water pressure and small flow rates, such as individual fixtures or appliances, such as faucets and washing machines.
- 3/4 inch diameter: Suitable for most residential homes with moderate water flow demands.
- 1 inch diameter: Suitable for larger homes with high water demand or commercial buildings with moderate water demand.
- 1 1/4 inch diameter: Suitable for commercial buildings with high water demand, such as large apartment complexes or hotels.
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